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Helium Cryostat for Experimental Study of Natural Turbulent Convection
Urban, Pavel ; Jícha, Miroslav (oponent) ; Rotter, Miloš (oponent) ; Fedor,, Ján (oponent) ; Musilová, Věra (vedoucí práce)
The thesis focuses on the design of a helium cryostat with an experimental convection cell for the study of natural turbulent convection in the range of Rayleigh numbers Ra up to 1015 and Nusselt numbers Nu up to 104. Cryogenic 4He gas is used as a working fluid for experimental studies due to its advantageous properties that allow reaching very high Ra numbers. The cryostat design is based on the conception of low-loss NMR magnet cryostats. In the centre of the cryostat a cylindrical convection cell of 300 mm in diameter and 300 mm in height is placed. The cell is made of middle, top and bottom parts. These are jointed together by flanges sealed by indium wires. The middle part is exchangeable and allows the geometry of the cell to be modified. The cell is designed for measurements at pressures up to 250 kPa. The main advantage of this cryostat is the minimal influence of the cell design and materials on the studied convection.
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Helium Cryostat for Experimental Study of Natural Turbulent Convection
Urban, Pavel ; Jícha, Miroslav (oponent) ; Rotter, Miloš (oponent) ; Fedor,, Ján (oponent) ; Musilová, Věra (vedoucí práce)
The thesis focuses on the design of a helium cryostat with an experimental convection cell for the study of natural turbulent convection in the range of Rayleigh numbers Ra up to 1015 and Nusselt numbers Nu up to 104. Cryogenic 4He gas is used as a working fluid for experimental studies due to its advantageous properties that allow reaching very high Ra numbers. The cryostat design is based on the conception of low-loss NMR magnet cryostats. In the centre of the cryostat a cylindrical convection cell of 300 mm in diameter and 300 mm in height is placed. The cell is made of middle, top and bottom parts. These are jointed together by flanges sealed by indium wires. The middle part is exchangeable and allows the geometry of the cell to be modified. The cell is designed for measurements at pressures up to 250 kPa. The main advantage of this cryostat is the minimal influence of the cell design and materials on the studied convection.
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Experimental study of high rayleigh number convection using cryogenic gaseous 4He
Urban, Pavel ; Musilová, Věra ; Skrbek, L.
Several laboratories worldwide try to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of turbulent thermal convection using cryogenic He gas, a working fluid with truly remarkable and widely tuneable properties. The focus is on the efficiency of the heat transfer, experimentally studied via the Nusselt (Nu) versus Rayleigh number (Ra) dependence, especially at very high Ra. In order to resolve existing controversies among published results, we designed and built a cryogenic apparatus capable of reaching Ra up to 2 × 10e15, thus covering the range of interest where various transitions such as that into the theoretically predicted ultimate Kraichnan regime have been claimed. The cylindrical convection cell of 300 mm both in diameter and height is designed to withstand pressures up to 250 kPa at working temperatures between 4.2 K and 12 K. The main advantage of this apparatus is minimized influence of its cell design and materials used on the studied convection. The first experimental results are resented.
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